The world's rangelands cover over a fifth of the Earth's surface and are home to traditional subsistence herders, commercial ranchers, and large migratory wildlife populations. In both America and Africa, heated 'range wars' have pitched herders and conservationists against each other as the pressures on rangelands have grown. Innovative conservation programmes such as those of African Conservation Fund aim to find ways traditional pastoral livelihoods can coexist with wildlife, and save the rapidly vanishing savannahs and their stunning biodiversity forever.